{"id":84607,"date":"2026-06-15T08:01:18","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T08:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museoscienze.vda.it\/?p=84607"},"modified":"2026-06-15T08:01:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T08:01:00","slug":"les-prisons-medievales-du-chateau-de-saint-pierre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/museoscienze.vda.it\/fr\/les-prisons-medievales-du-chateau-de-saint-pierre\/","title":{"rendered":"Les prisons m\u00e9di\u00e9vales du Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le donjon central du ch\u00e2teau abritait \u00e0 l\u2019origine des passages directs vers les cellules situ\u00e9es du c\u00f4t\u00e9 nord. Les restaurations du XIXe si\u00e8cle les ont mur\u00e9s, mais les traces architecturales racontent encore cette histoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Le Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre est connu comme l\u2019un des sites mus\u00e9aux les plus fascinants de la Vall\u00e9e d\u2019Aoste. Sous les salles qui accueillent aujourd\u2019hui les collections naturalistes du Mus\u00e9e r\u00e9gional des Sciences naturelles Efisio Noussan, le ch\u00e2teau dissimule des couches d\u2019histoire bien plus anciennes et beaucoup moins connues du grand public. L\u2019une des plus surprenantes concerne les prisons m\u00e9di\u00e9vales du donjon central.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le donjon central et l\u2019erreur des historiens<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pendant longtemps, le niveau inf\u00e9rieur du donjon central du Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre a \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9 par les chercheurs comme le donjon m\u00e9di\u00e9val de l\u2019\u00e9difice : la tour principale de guet et de d\u00e9fense, le c\u0153ur militaire du ch\u00e2teau. Une interpr\u00e9tation qui s\u2019est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e erron\u00e9e, comme l\u2019ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 les recherches arch\u00e9ologiques et architecturales men\u00e9es au cours du XXe si\u00e8cle. Le v\u00e9ritable donjon du ch\u00e2teau est la tour occidentale, construite entre le XIIe et le XIIIe si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9molition d\u2019une structure ant\u00e9rieure encore plus ancienne (la salle dite domini du Xe si\u00e8cle), dont les murs atteignent pr\u00e8s de deux m\u00e8tres d\u2019\u00e9paisseur. C\u2019est le b\u00e2timent le plus ancien encore conserv\u00e9 sur l\u2019ensemble du site du ch\u00e2teau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les passages vers les prisons<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le niveau inf\u00e9rieur du donjon central remplissait toutefois une fonction tout aussi importante. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, cet espace \u00e9tait reli\u00e9 par des passages directs aux prisons am\u00e9nag\u00e9es sur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 nord du ch\u00e2teau : le versant le plus froid, le moins expos\u00e9 \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re et le plus \u00e9loign\u00e9 des espaces de repr\u00e9sentation. Un emplacement typique des structures carc\u00e9rales m\u00e9di\u00e9vales, con\u00e7ues pour maximiser l\u2019inconfort et l\u2019isolement des d\u00e9tenus. Aujourd\u2019hui, ces prisons ne sont plus accessibles. Les importantes restaurations du XIXe si\u00e8cle voulues par le baron Federico Emanuele Bollati (qui acheta le ch\u00e2teau en 1873 et en confia la transformation \u00e0 l\u2019ing\u00e9nieur canavaisien Camillo Boggio) ont profond\u00e9ment modifi\u00e9 la distribution int\u00e9rieure de l\u2019\u00e9difice, murant les passages vers les cellules et supprimant cette partie du ch\u00e2teau de la circulation interne. Les traces de leur existence subsistent dans les ma\u00e7onneries, identifi\u00e9es par les arch\u00e9ologues lors des \u00e9tudes stratigraphiques men\u00e9es sur le b\u00e2timent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De la prison \u00e0 la salle \u00e0 manger<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La m\u00eame salle qui, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, servait d\u2019antichambre aux prisons devint, au XIXe si\u00e8cle, l\u2019un des espaces les plus \u00e9l\u00e9gants du ch\u00e2teau : la salle \u00e0 manger de la r\u00e9sidence bourgeoise que Bollati avait imagin\u00e9e pour l\u2019\u00e9difice restaur\u00e9. Les murs \u00e9taient d\u00e9cor\u00e9s de panneaux verticaux blancs s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des bandes vertes et bleues, avec en partie haute une frise bleue orn\u00e9e de motifs d\u2019entrelacs jaunes : une d\u00e9coration raffin\u00e9e, typique du go\u00fbt \u00e9clectique de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XIXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette d\u00e9coration demeure encore partiellement visible sous les couches d\u2019enduit plus r\u00e9centes, t\u00e9moignage silencieux d\u2019une transformation qui a travers\u00e9 des si\u00e8cles d\u2019histoire vald\u00f4taine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une stratification d\u2019histoires<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019histoire du donjon central du Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre est embl\u00e9matique de la complexit\u00e9 historique de l\u2019ensemble du b\u00e2timent. Sur quelques m\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s seulement se superposent et s\u2019entrelacent au moins trois \u00e9poques distinctes : le ch\u00e2teau m\u00e9di\u00e9val avec ses structures d\u00e9fensives et carc\u00e9rales, la r\u00e9sidence bourgeoise du XIXe si\u00e8cle avec ses d\u00e9corations \u00e9clectiques, et le mus\u00e9e naturaliste contemporain avec ses collections consacr\u00e9es \u00e0 la biodiversit\u00e9 vald\u00f4taine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est cette stratification \u2014 physique, visible, lisible dans les ma\u00e7onneries et les espaces \u2014 qui fait du Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre l\u2019un des lieux culturellement les plus riches de la Vall\u00e9e d\u2019Aoste. Un \u00e9difice qui n\u2019a jamais cess\u00e9 de raconter des histoires diff\u00e9rentes \u00e0 ceux qui prennent le temps de l\u2019\u00e9couter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le donjon central du ch\u00e2teau abritait \u00e0 l\u2019origine des passages directs vers les cellules situ\u00e9es du c\u00f4t\u00e9 nord. Les restaurations du XIXe si\u00e8cle les ont mur\u00e9s, mais les traces architecturales racontent encore cette histoire. Le Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre est connu comme l\u2019un des sites mus\u00e9aux les plus fascinants de la Vall\u00e9e d\u2019Aoste. Sous les salles … Leggi di pi\u00f9<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":84611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9257,52,53],"tags":[17938,17935,17940,17819,17939,17853],"news_category":[17513],"news_expert":[],"news_type":[17520],"class_list":["post-84607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eventi-fr","category-homepage-fr","category-news-fr","tag-chateau-de-saint-pierre","tag-medioevo","tag-moyen-age","tag-musee","tag-prisons","tag-vallee-daoste","news_category-musee","news_type-approfondissement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes prisons m\u00e9di\u00e9vales du Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre - Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Efisio Noussan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Ch\u00e2teau de Saint-Pierre est connu comme l\u2019un des sites mus\u00e9aux les plus fascinants de la Vall\u00e9e d\u2019Aoste. Sous les salles qui accueillent aujourd\u2019hui les collections naturalistes du Mus\u00e9e r\u00e9gional des Sciences naturelles Efisio Noussan, le ch\u00e2teau dissimule des couches d\u2019histoire bien plus anciennes et beaucoup moins connues du grand public. 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Sous les salles qui accueillent aujourd\u2019hui les collections naturalistes du Mus\u00e9e r\u00e9gional des Sciences naturelles Efisio Noussan, le ch\u00e2teau dissimule des couches d\u2019histoire bien plus anciennes et beaucoup moins connues du grand public. 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